Supply Chain Management | MCQs with Answers
1. What is a supply chain?
a) A network of manufacturers only
b) A network of organizations and activities involved in the creation and delivery of products
c) A set of distribution channels
d) A financial tracking system
Answer: b) A network of organizations and activities involved in the creation and delivery of products
2. Which of the following is NOT a key component of a supply chain?
a) Suppliers
b) Manufacturers
c) Consumers
d) Marketing department
Answer: d) Marketing department
3. Which role is primarily responsible for converting raw materials into finished products in a supply chain?
a) Distributors
b) Retailers
c) Manufacturers
d) Consumers
Answer: c) Manufacturers
4. What is the primary goal of a supply chain?
a) Maximize profit for suppliers
b) Maximize value and minimize costs while delivering products to customers
c) Increase production capacity
d) Expand global market reach
Answer: b) Maximize value and minimize costs while delivering products to customers
5. Which of the following is NOT part of Supply Chain Management (SCM)?
a) Integration of operations
b) Supplier relationship management
c) Financial audit
d) Procurement management
Answer: c) Financial audit
6. The process of improving coordination and collaboration across supply chain partners is known as:
a) Forecasting
b) Logistics optimization
c) Supply chain integration
d) Product diversification
Answer: c) Supply chain integration
7. What is the key benefit of effective supply chain management?
a) Increased production speed only
b) Reduced customer satisfaction
c) Reduced operational costs and improved efficiency
d) Improved marketing strategies
Answer: c) Reduced operational costs and improved efficiency
8. What type of information is crucial for inventory management in the supply chain?
a) Transactional information
b) Operational information
c) Strategic information
d) Financial data
Answer: a) Transactional information
9. Which of the following is an example of operational information in a supply chain?
a) Market trends
b) Inventory levels
c) Historical demand data
d) Supplier performance
Answer: b) Inventory levels
10. What does demand forecasting help businesses to achieve?
a) Determine employee salaries
b) Set financial goals
c) Align production with customer demand
d) Design product packaging
Answer: c) Align production with customer demand
11. Which of the following is a primary function of distributors in the supply chain?
a) Convert raw materials into finished products
b) Transport and store goods for retailers
c) Manage supplier relationships
d) Create advertising campaigns
Answer: b) Transport and store goods for retailers
12. Which of these processes in a supply chain is directly related to logistics?
a) Product design
b) Transportation of goods
c) Procurement of raw materials
d) Forecasting demand
Answer: b) Transportation of goods
13. Information transparency in a supply chain helps to:
a) Reduce the price of raw materials
b) Ensure better supplier relationships and collaboration
c) Increase transportation time
d) Decrease customer demand
Answer: b) Ensure better supplier relationships and collaboration
14. Which of the following technologies is used to improve visibility in the supply chain?
a) Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems
b) Supply Chain Management (SCM) software
c) Web Analytics tools
d) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems
Answer: b) Supply Chain Management (SCM) software
15. What type of information allows businesses to respond to market risks, such as weather or geopolitical events?
a) Transactional information
b) Risk management information
c) Strategic information
d) Operational information
Answer: b) Risk management information
16. The Bullwhip Effect in supply chains refers to:
a) A decrease in production costs
b) Increased demand fluctuations as information travels upstream
c) Efficient inventory management
d) Effective supplier relationships
Answer: b) Increased demand fluctuations as information travels upstream
17. What is a primary cause of the Bullwhip Effect?
a) Small fluctuations in customer demand
b) Increased demand visibility
c) Real-time information sharing
d) Efficient order batching
Answer: a) Small fluctuations in customer demand
18. Which of the following is a potential consequence of information distortion in supply chains?
a) Higher inventory costs
b) Reduced customer satisfaction
c) Delayed shipments
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
19. What is the impact of order batching on information distortion in a supply chain?
a) It leads to more accurate forecasting
b) It reduces demand fluctuations
c) It amplifies fluctuations in orders placed upstream
d) It increases collaboration between supply chain partners
Answer: c) It amplifies fluctuations in orders placed upstream
20. Which supply chain concept focuses on reducing waste and improving flow through each stage?
a) Lean supply chain
b) Agile supply chain
c) Efficient supply chain
d) Resilient supply chain
Answer: a) Lean supply chain
21. Which of the following is an example of information distortion in the supply chain?
a) Real-time data sharing between suppliers and manufacturers
b) Miscommunication about demand levels between different supply chain partners
c) Using machine learning for inventory forecasting
d) A seamless, transparent communication system between logistics and distributors
Answer: b) Miscommunication about demand levels between different supply chain partners
22. What is the main cause of stockouts in a supply chain?
a) Overproduction
b) Poor demand forecasting
c) High inventory levels
d) Efficient logistics systems
Answer: b) Poor demand forecasting
23. In a supply chain, what does “lead time” refer to?
a) Time taken to manufacture products
b) Time taken to transport goods
c) Time taken to fulfill an order from the point of order placement to delivery
d) Time taken to process financial transactions
Answer: c) Time taken to fulfill an order from the point of order placement to delivery
24. What is the result of overstocking in a supply chain?
a) Increased customer satisfaction
b) Lower operational costs
c) Excessive inventory holding costs
d) Faster production rates
Answer: c) Excessive inventory holding costs
25. The process of automatically exchanging transaction information between supply chain partners is known as:
a) Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
b) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
c) Collaborative Planning, Forecasting, and Replenishment (CPFR)
d) Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)
Answer: a) Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
26. The process of reacting to sudden changes in customer demand is best described as:
a) Supply chain agility
b) Supply chain integration
c) Supply chain efficiency
d) Supply chain forecasting
Answer: a) Supply chain agility
27. What type of data can be used for demand forecasting?
a) Operational data
b) Historical sales data
c) Supplier performance data
d) Customer feedback data
Answer: b) Historical sales data
28. Which of the following is an advantage of collaborative forecasting in supply chains?
a) It reduces inventory turnover
b) It enhances supply chain resilience and reduces uncertainties
c) It increases supplier lead times
d) It decreases product variety
Answer: b) It enhances supply chain resilience and reduces uncertainties
29. What is the role of a retailer in the supply chain?
a) Transport goods to customers
b) Manufacture finished products
c) Sell products to end consumers
d) Source raw materials
Answer: c) Sell products to end consumers
30. The phenomenon where a small change in customer demand leads to larger fluctuations in orders is called:
a) The bullwhip effect
b) The ripple effect
c) The feedback loop
d) The fluctuation principle
Answer: a) The bullwhip effect
31. What can supply chain partners do to reduce information distortion?
a) Increase order lead times
b) Improve communication and data sharing
c) Increase order batching
d) Limit product variety
Answer: b) Improve communication and data sharing
32. Which system helps in integrating and managing the business processes of an organization in a supply chain?
a) Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
b) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
c) Project Management Software
d) Business Intelligence tools
Answer: b) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
33. What does the term "supply chain resilience" refer to?
a) The ability to forecast demand accurately
b) The ability to recover quickly from disruptions or changes in the supply chain
c) The ability to reduce lead times
d) The ability to maximize production capacity
Answer: b) The ability to recover quickly from disruptions or changes in the supply chain
34. In supply chain management, what is meant by “supply chain agility”?
a) The ability to reduce the number of suppliers
b) The ability to adjust quickly to changing customer needs or market conditions
c) The ability to minimize inventory levels
d) The ability to predict long-term demand
Answer: b) The ability to adjust quickly to changing customer needs or market conditions
35. Information distortion in the supply chain can be caused by which of the following?
a) Accurate demand forecasts
b) Excessive inventory management
c) Lack of real-time data and transparency
d) Improved lead times
Answer: c) Lack of real-time data and transparency
36. Which of the following is an impact of information distortion in a supply chain?
a) Improved supply chain flexibility
b) Lower customer satisfaction
c) Reduced supply chain visibility
d) Increased production speed
Answer: b) Lower customer satisfaction
37. What is an example of transactional information in a supply chain?
a) Market trends
b) Order status
c) Supplier capabilities
d) Consumer preferences
Answer: b) Order status
38. What is the effect of overreliance on historical data for decision-making in supply chains?
a) Improved demand forecasting
b) Increased risk of information distortion
c) Reduced lead times
d) Higher customer satisfaction
Answer: b) Increased risk of information distortion
39. What is the role of predictive analytics in supply chains?
a) To reduce transportation costs
b) To improve long-term demand forecasting and planning
c) To monitor supplier performance
d) To optimize customer service interactions
Answer: b) To improve long-term demand forecasting and planning
40. Which of the following is an effect of poor communication in supply chains?
a) Improved operational efficiency
b) Lower inventory levels
c) Delayed orders and stockouts
d) Faster production times
Answer: c) Delayed orders and stockouts
41. What is a primary objective of implementing lean supply chain practices?
a) To increase inventory levels
b) To reduce waste and increase operational efficiency
c) To expand market share
d) To diversify the supplier base
Answer: b) To reduce waste and increase operational efficiency
42. Which of the following is a direct consequence of the Bullwhip Effect in the supply chain?
a) Increased supply chain resilience
b) More accurate demand forecasting
c) Larger fluctuations in order quantities as they move upstream
d) Increased collaboration among supply chain partners
Answer: c) Larger fluctuations in order quantities as they move upstream
43. Which of the following technologies is most helpful in reducing information distortion in supply chains?
a) Cloud computing
b) Automated manufacturing processes
c) Social media analytics
d) Predictive maintenance tools
Answer: a) Cloud computing
44. What does the concept of “demand sensing” refer to in supply chain management?
a) Predicting demand based on historical sales data
b) Detecting immediate changes in customer demand and adjusting supply chain activities accordingly
c) Batching demand data from multiple retailers
d) Using seasonal trends for forecasting
Answer: b) Detecting immediate changes in customer demand and adjusting supply chain activities accordingly
45. Which of the following is a key feature of agile supply chain practices?
a) Reducing the number of suppliers
b) Predicting future demand based on historical data
c) Quickly adapting to unexpected demand changes
d) Streamlining production processes
Answer: c) Quickly adapting to unexpected demand changes
46. How can a company improve its ability to manage the Bullwhip Effect?
a) By increasing safety stock levels
b) By improving communication and real-time data sharing
c) By reducing the number of suppliers
d) By reducing the number of distribution channels
Answer: b) By improving communication and real-time data sharing
47. What is a key advantage of real-time data exchange in a supply chain?
a) Reduced demand forecasting accuracy
b) Increased lead time
c) Increased supply chain visibility and quicker decision-making
d) Reduced flexibility in production processes
Answer: c) Increased supply chain visibility and quicker decision-making
48. Which of the following is an effect of excess inventory in a supply chain?
a) Increased demand forecasting accuracy
b) Increased holding costs and reduced cash flow
c) Improved customer satisfaction
d) Faster production rates
Answer: b) Increased holding costs and reduced cash flow
49. In supply chains, the term "lead time" refers to:
a) The amount of time it takes to fulfill a customer’s order from purchase to delivery
b) The time it takes for a supplier to ship raw materials
c) The time taken for production processes
d) The time spent on marketing campaigns
Answer: a) The amount of time it takes to fulfill a customer’s order from purchase to delivery
50. What is the impact of poor demand forecasting on a supply chain?
a) Reduced customer satisfaction
b) More efficient production schedules
c) Optimized inventory management
d) Lower operating costs
Answer: a) Reduced customer satisfaction
51. What strategy can a company use to mitigate the impact of demand uncertainty in the supply chain?
a) Reduce the number of suppliers
b) Increase safety stock and buffer inventory
c) Increase production lead times
d) Eliminate real-time data sharing
Answer: b) Increase safety stock and buffer inventory
52. What is meant by "supply chain collaboration"?
a) Reducing the number of suppliers
b) Companies within the supply chain working together to optimize overall performance
c) Increasing customer demand
d) Outsourcing production to third parties
Answer: b) Companies within the supply chain working together to optimize overall performance
53. Which of the following is an example of operational information in supply chain management?
a) Market trends
b) Inventory levels and order status
c) Customer feedback
d) Supplier capabilities
Answer: b) Inventory levels and order status
54. In supply chain terms, what does the “Bullwhip Effect” lead to?
a) Reduced production costs
b) Efficient product distribution
c) Amplified fluctuations in order quantities
d) Improved supplier performance
Answer: c) Amplified fluctuations in order quantities
55. How can companies reduce lead time variability?
a) By increasing batch sizes in production
b) By improving coordination with suppliers
c) By reducing product variety
d) By decreasing product demand
Answer: b) By improving coordination with suppliers
56. What is the effect of demand amplification in supply chains?
a) Reduced order sizes
b) Increased order fluctuations up the supply chain
c) Increased supply chain flexibility
d) Reduced transportation costs
Answer: b) Increased order fluctuations up the supply chain
57. Which of the following is a direct consequence of lack of transparency in supply chain communication?
a) Increased inventory turnover
b) Reduced stockouts
c) Increased stockouts and inefficiencies
d) Faster product innovation
Answer: c) Increased stockouts and inefficiencies
58. What type of supply chain system focuses on reducing time-to-market and adjusting quickly to demand changes?
a) Lean system
b) Agile system
c) Efficient system
d) Sustainable system
Answer: b) Agile system
59. What is the role of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in supply chain management?
a) They provide real-time visibility into the supply chain and integrate business processes
b) They predict future demand trends
c) They handle only logistics and transportation functions
d) They eliminate the need for human intervention in supply chain processes
Answer: a) They provide real-time visibility into the supply chain and integrate business processes
60. What impact does overproduction have in a supply chain?
a) Increased customer satisfaction
b) Increased inventory holding costs
c) Reduced transportation time
d) Improved supplier relationships
Answer: b) Increased inventory holding costs
61. What strategy can be used to improve demand forecasting accuracy in a supply chain?
a) Use of advanced analytics and predictive models
b) Reducing the number of suppliers
c) Increasing batch sizes for production
d) Avoiding collaboration with suppliers
Answer: a) Use of advanced analytics and predictive models
62. What role do distributors play in a supply chain?
a) They convert raw materials into finished products
b) They manage customer relationships
c) They transport goods to various retail channels or directly to customers
d) They handle supply chain forecasting
Answer: c) They transport goods to various retail channels or directly to customers
63. Which of the following actions helps to prevent stockouts in a supply chain?
a) Reducing production batches
b) Implementing real-time inventory management
c) Increasing lead time
d) Increasing safety stock only for critical items
Answer: b) Implementing real-time inventory management
64. What does "collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment" (CPFR) aim to improve in a supply chain?
a) Product packaging
b) Forecasting accuracy and inventory management
c) Financial reporting
d) Internal marketing strategies
Answer: b) Forecasting accuracy and inventory management
65. What does the term "information distortion" in a supply chain primarily refer to?
a) Real-time sharing of transactional data
b) Miscommunication or alteration of information across the supply chain
c) Predictive analysis of market conditions
d) The process of reducing lead times
Answer: b) Miscommunication or alteration of information across the supply chain
66. In the context of supply chains, what does "supply chain integration" refer to?
a) Streamlining production processes
b) Ensuring smooth coordination and data sharing between all supply chain partners
c) Reducing supplier base to a single partner
d) Increasing the number of suppliers
Answer: b) Ensuring smooth coordination and data sharing between all supply chain partners
67. What is a significant consequence of inventory inefficiency in supply chains?
a) Improved customer demand forecast
b) Reduced operational costs
c) Increased holding costs and wasted resources
d) Improved supplier relationships
Answer: c) Increased holding costs and wasted resources
68. Which of the following is a key benefit of improving supply chain communication?
a) Increased production costs
b) Enhanced customer service and delivery performance
c) Longer lead times
d) Decreased inventory visibility
Answer: b) Enhanced customer service and delivery performance
69. How does the Bullwhip Effect negatively affect the supply chain?
a) It improves forecast accuracy
b) It causes excessive fluctuations in orders, leading to inefficiencies
c) It reduces supplier coordination
d) It improves collaboration across all partners
Answer: b) It causes excessive fluctuations in orders, leading to inefficiencies
70. Which of the following is a characteristic of a resilient supply chain?
a) High reliance on a single supplier
b) Ability to adapt to disruptions and unforeseen changes
c) Reduced supplier network
d) Increased safety stock at all levels
Answer: b) Ability to adapt to disruptions and unforeseen changes
71. What does the concept of "supply chain visibility" mean?
a) The ability to track financial transactions
b) The ability to observe and track the movement of products across the entire supply chain
c) The ability to predict future trends in customer behavior
d) The ability to manage marketing and sales activities
Answer: b) The ability to observe and track the movement of products across the entire supply chain
72. What is the main benefit of sharing demand forecasts with suppliers?
a) It helps suppliers to develop new products
b) It improves supply chain integration and reduces inventory fluctuations
c) It eliminates the need for supplier negotiations
d) It reduces the production lead time
Answer: b) It improves supply chain integration and reduces inventory fluctuations
73. In a supply chain, what is the term used for goods and materials that are stored temporarily before they are used in production?
a) Finished goods
b) Work-in-progress (WIP)
c) Raw materials
d) Safety stock
Answer: b) Work-in-progress (WIP)
74. What is the relationship between inventory management and the supply chain?
a) Inventory management is only concerned with the storage of goods
b) Inventory management ensures that materials and products are available at the right time and place
c) Inventory management focuses solely on managing financial data
d) Inventory management does not impact supply chain efficiency
Answer: b) Inventory management ensures that materials and products are available at the right time and place
75. How can supply chain disruptions be minimized?
a) By reducing supplier base and limiting product variety
b) By increasing inventory levels at all supply chain nodes
c) By enhancing flexibility and communication within the supply chain
d) By outsourcing all operations to a third-party logistics provider
Answer: c) By enhancing flexibility and communication within the supply chain
76. What role do Third-Party Logistics (3PL) providers play in supply chain management?
a) They manufacture products for companies
b) They focus on retail and customer interactions
c) They provide transportation, warehousing, and other logistics services
d) They perform financial audits and forecasts
Answer: c) They provide transportation, warehousing, and other logistics services
77. Which of the following is an example of a supply chain performance metric?
a) Total cost of goods sold (COGS)
b) Number of marketing campaigns run
c) Brand recognition score
d) Number of customers served
Answer: a) Total cost of goods sold (COGS)
78. What is a "Just-in-Time" (JIT) inventory system?
a) A system that aims to keep inventory levels high to prevent stockouts
b) A system where inventory is ordered and delivered only as needed for production
c) A system focused on increasing production speed
d) A system that reduces the number of suppliers in the supply chain
Answer: b) A system where inventory is ordered and delivered only as needed for production
79. Which of the following would NOT be a common goal of supply chain optimization?
a) Reducing operational costs
b) Increasing the number of supply chain partners
c) Improving customer satisfaction and service levels
d) Reducing lead times and improving delivery speed
Answer: b) Increasing the number of supply chain partners
80. What is the primary function of a supplier in a supply chain?
a) Produce and sell finished products to consumers
b) Provide raw materials, components, or services required for production
c) Manage customer feedback and complaints
d) Handle logistics and product distribution
Answer: b) Provide raw materials, components, or services required for production
81. How does e-commerce affect supply chain management?
a) It reduces the need for inventory management
b) It increases demand for quick, efficient delivery and flexibility
c) It eliminates the need for supply chain integration
d) It reduces the number of distribution channels
Answer: b) It increases demand for quick, efficient delivery and flexibility
82. What is the purpose of demand forecasting in supply chain management?
a) To predict customer preferences and trends in the market
b) To plan the workforce required for production
c) To ensure that the right quantities of goods are produced and delivered at the right time
d) To evaluate supplier performance
Answer: c) To ensure that the right quantities of goods are produced and delivered at the right time
83. What is the role of an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system in managing a supply chain?
a) To reduce the number of suppliers in the supply chain
b) To integrate data across different departments, such as finance, production, and logistics
c) To forecast market trends
d) To minimize the use of transportation in supply chain activities
Answer: b) To integrate data across different departments, such as finance, production, and logistics
84. What does the term "supply chain mapping" refer to?
a) A system that forecasts demand based on market trends
b) The process of outlining the steps and relationships within the supply chain
c) The strategy of improving supplier negotiations
d) The process of determining pricing strategies for end consumers
Answer: b) The process of outlining the steps and relationships within the supply chain
85. How can technology improve visibility across the supply chain?
a) By providing more physical inventory storage options
b) Through tools like blockchain, real-time tracking, and data sharing platforms
c) By increasing the number of intermediaries in the process
d) By making product production completely automated
Answer: b) Through tools like blockchain, real-time tracking, and data sharing platforms
86. What is the significance of the concept of "supply chain synchronization"?
a) It ensures that all supply chain activities are managed by one centralized authority
b) It focuses on aligning demand and supply processes to reduce inefficiencies and costs
c) It increases the number of supply chain disruptions
d) It eliminates the need for forecasting and demand planning
Answer: b) It focuses on aligning demand and supply processes to reduce inefficiencies and costs
87. What is meant by "capacity planning" in the context of supply chain management?
a) Deciding how much inventory to store at each warehouse
b) Determining the number of suppliers needed to support demand
c) Identifying the maximum production output that can be achieved within a set timeframe
d) Planning the transportation routes for delivery
Answer: c) Identifying the maximum production output that can be achieved within a set timeframe
88. How does the use of a Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) system benefit supply chains?
a) It shifts the responsibility of inventory management to the vendor, reducing stockouts and improving efficiency
b) It eliminates the need for real-time data sharing
c) It centralizes control of inventory to the customer
d) It reduces collaboration between supply chain partners
Answer: a) It shifts the responsibility of inventory management to the vendor, reducing stockouts and improving efficiency
89. What is a common challenge faced by global supply chains?
a) Inadequate demand forecasting
b) Limited access to raw materials
c) High tariffs and complex regulations in different countries
d) Increased local production capabilities
Answer: c) High tariffs and complex regulations in different countries
90. What does the term "supply chain collaboration" emphasize?
a) Managing inventories in isolation
b) Working together across different supply chain partners to optimize the entire value chain
c) Reducing the number of supply chain partners involved
d) Developing new products without input from suppliers
Answer: b) Working together across different supply chain partners to optimize the entire value chain
91. What is the primary goal of supply chain risk management?
a) To reduce customer satisfaction
b) To mitigate the impact of disruptions and ensure supply chain continuity
c) To increase supplier base size
d) To eliminate the need for production scheduling
Answer: b) To mitigate the impact of disruptions and ensure supply chain continuity
92. How can using "safety stock" help manage supply chain risks?
a) It reduces the need for communication between supply chain partners
b) It provides a buffer to account for variability in demand or supply disruptions
c) It eliminates the need for forecasting
d) It increases the number of suppliers in the network
Answer: b) It provides a buffer to account for variability in demand or supply disruptions
93. Which of the following is a potential negative consequence of outsourcing in supply chains?
a) Decreased operational costs
b) Increased supply chain visibility
c) Loss of control over quality and lead times
d) Increased supplier collaboration
Answer: c) Loss of control over quality and lead times
94. What is the primary focus of the "green supply chain"?
a) Increasing product variety
b) Enhancing product aesthetics
c) Reducing environmental impact and ensuring sustainability in supply chain activities
d) Minimizing financial investments in supply chain operations
Answer: c) Reducing environmental impact and ensuring sustainability in supply chain activities
95. What is the role of supply chain analytics?
a) To collect customer feedback
b) To analyze historical data and predict future trends for better decision-making
c) To increase production speed
d) To manage employee performance
Answer: b) To analyze historical data and predict future trends for better decision-making
96. In a supply chain, what does "reverse logistics" refer to?
a) The process of sourcing raw materials
b) The transportation of products from the consumer back to the supplier or manufacturer
c) The transportation of goods to customers
d) The management of inventory across retail channels
Answer: b) The transportation of products from the consumer back to the supplier or manufacturer
97. Which of the following is an example of an "upstream" activity in a supply chain?
a) Distributing finished products to retailers
b) Manufacturing products in the factory
c) Sourcing raw materials from suppliers
d) Selling products directly to consumers
Answer: c) Sourcing raw materials from suppliers
98. What is the significance of "demand-pull" systems in supply chains?
a) They focus on producing goods based on forecasted demand
b) They produce goods based on actual customer demand, minimizing overproduction
c) They focus on increasing the number of suppliers
d) They use large amounts of raw materials for production
Answer: b) They produce goods based on actual customer demand, minimizing overproduction
99. How does a company benefit from "continuous improvement" in its supply chain?
a) By reducing production output
b) By constantly refining and enhancing processes to increase efficiency and reduce costs
c) By focusing on short-term gains instead of long-term strategies
d) By increasing supply chain complexity
Answer: b) By constantly refining and enhancing processes to increase efficiency and reduce costs
100. How can supply chain managers improve operational efficiency?
a) By focusing only on transportation costs
b) By streamlining communication and data sharing between stakeholders
c) By reducing the number of products offered
d) By increasing the amount of inventory held
Answer: b) By streamlining communication and data sharing between stakeholders
